Methylolated sulfonamides and crosslinking of polymers therewith

ABSTRACT

Dimethylol sulfonamides, alkyl ethers thereof and polymers therefrom are produced and said materials are used to react with cellulosic materials and to bind polyhydroxylated polymers to cellulosic materials through coreaction.

United States Patent [72] Inventor Giuliana C. Tesoro Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. [21] Appl. No. 508,149 [22] Filed Nov. 16, 1965 [45] Patented Nov. 2, 1971 [73] Assignee J. P. Stevens 8: Co. Inc.

New York, N.Y.

[54] METHYLOLATED SULFONAMIDES AND CROSSLINKING 0F POLYMERS THEREWITH 12 Claims, No Drawings 52 us. cl 8711515,; 8/1'W, 8/17, 8/116.3,117/139.4,117/1355, 11771395 A, 117/139.5 C, 260/29.1, 260/29.4, 260/91.3 VA, 260/72, 260/231, 260/233.3, 260/556 [51] Int. Cl ..D06m l3/40, D06m 13/38,C07c 143/74 [50] Field of Search 260/72, S56;8/116.3, 115.6

[ 56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,002,613 5/1935 Orthner et a1. 2601556 2,123,152 7/1938 Rivat 8/ll6.3 2,160,196 5/1939 Bruson et a1. 260/556 2,184,279 12/1939 Christiansen 260/556 2,207,803 7/1940 Hill 260/556 2,361,322 10/1944 Schroy 260/556 2,373,299 4/1945 Dougherty et al. 260/556 2,448,125 8/1948 Sallmann et a1. 8/116.3

FOREIGN PATENTS 470,519 8/1937 Great Britain 260/72 842,802 7/1960 Great Britain.. 8/1 16.3 751,641 6/1933 France 260/556 812,073 l/1937 France 260/556 823,925 10/1937 France 260/556 1,082,885 6/1954 France 260/72 OTHER REFERENCES A.P.C. Application of Wagner et al., Serial No. 377,842, Published June, 1943 Primary Examiner-George F. Lesmes Assistant Exnminer.1. Cannon Attorneys-J. Bradley Cohn and Browne, Schuyler &

Beveridge ABSTRACT: Dimethylol sulfonamides, alkyl ethers thereof and polymers therefrom are produced and said materials are used to react with cellulosic materials and to bind polyhydroxylated polymers to cellulosic materials through coreaction.

METHYLOLATED SULFONAMIDES AND CROSSLINKING F POLYMERS THEREWITH The present invention relates to a novel class of compounds, and more particularly to new cross linking agents, processes for cross linking polymeric materials and to the useful products produced by the aforesaid processes.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a novel class of compounds.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide dimethylol sulfonamide compounds and their ethers.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel class of cross linking agents.

lt is a further object of the present invention to provide processes for cross linking polymeric materials.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide useful cross linked polymer products of improved and enhanced properties. I y

In attaining the above objects, one feature of the present invention resides in dimethylol sulfonamides and ethers thereof represented by the structural formula:

I. CHOR Q-SO;N

n on wherein R and R are hydrogen or lower alkyl; i.e. from one to five carbon atoms, and Q is a substituted and unsubstituted aromatic or aliphatic. group. Alkyl groups containing one to 20 carbon atoms; alkoxyalkylene groups of the structure C l-l [OCaH L wherein n is l to 3, a is l to {and 1 to 5, aryl groups particularly those containing an aromatic ring such as phenyl, lower alkyl substituted phenyl, aralkyl such as 'C l-l CH, C l-l -,CH=CH are examples thereof.

A further feature of the present invention resides in the cross linking of polymericmaterials, particularly cellulosic textile materials employing the sulfonamides of formula I to produce cross linked products of enhanced properties. 1

Compounds of formula l are .dimethylol derivatives of sulfonamides and their alkyl ethers. Although dimethylol derivatives of carboxamides have been described in the past, previous attempts to prepare dimethylol derivatives of sulfonamides have been unsuccessful and only cyclic, polymeric and resinous products have been obtained when the preparation of compounds of formula I was tried employing specific sulfonamides and formaldehyde.

According to the present invention, dimethylol sulfonamides of formula I may be prepared by the reaction of a selected sulfonamide with formaldehyde or a formaldehydeyielding substance provided that the pH of the reaction mixture is carefully controlled. Products produced from the reaction are dimethylol (N,N-bis-hydroxymethyl) compounds which may readily be converted to the corresponding ether compounds (N ,N-bis-alkoxymethyl) by reaction with alcohols under acidic conditions.

Illustrative of the methods by which the dimethylol sulfonamides can be prepared are the reactions represented by equations 1 and 2.

(1) QSOgNHg HCHO' pH 4W7 QSOgNHCHgOH CHgOH PH 4 to7 QBOgNHCHgOH HCHO QSOIN CHgOH cohols may be used to obtain different terminal R and R groups.

CHrOH CH OR CHQOR For 'the reaction with the alcohoLshown in equation (3), an excess of alcohol-isfpreferably used at temperatures ranging from about ambient to'the reflux temperature of the alcohol and his necessary to take the precaution that the pH of the reactionsystem is maintained-in the range of about 2 to 6.

Excellent yields of N,N-bis-alkoxymethyl sulfonamides can be obtained directly by reacting an alkali salt of the sulfonamidewitlran alkyl halomethyl ether. This method of preparation is illustrated in equations (4) and 5) where M represents alkali metal; R represents an alkyl group, X represents a halogen, and Q has the meaning given above:

, osommr nocrnx qsomrrcmon +MX crnon Q80,1;I-CH;OR nocrnx Q80, +MX

m omen For the reactions represented by equations) and (5 anhydrous conditions are required, and an inert organic solvent such as an ether or hydrocarbon solvent should beused. The amount of alkyl halomethyl ether used should be at least the stoichiometric amount based on the amount of sulfonamide salt. Reaction temperatures of 0 C. to the reflux temperature of the solvent are satisfactory and reaction times of several hours are'generally required to drive the alkylation reaction to completion.

Included in the present invention are sulfonamide compounds encompassed by formula I as set forth below:

CHzSOsN CHsOH CHgOCHs CKsSOrN CHQOCHJ CHgOCH:

CtHtSOgN CHgOC a I I CHgOH CuHflBOzN v CH 0H- cmoorr, CHJOCHICHSOjN C-HgOCHa CHgOCgHs CQHEYSOVQN I seesaw 3 CEZO C: J

CtHsSOgN CHgOCgHs CHjOH CHaCsHtSOgN CHgOH CH OH CeIIsCHzSOzN The above are merely illustrative of the various sulfonamide compounds of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

Although the particular application for which the compounds are most useful is determined in part by the structure of the grouping the new compounds are generally useful monomers or comonomers for the preparation of synthetic resins of the polysulfonamide type wherein the repeating unit is derived from the sulfonamide monomer and is represented by the following structural formula; wherein at is the number of recurring units and has a valve of 2 to 100, or higher.

The above formula results upon elimination of both formaldehyde and water of the N,N-bis-hydroxymethyl compounds in the poly condens ation reaction. in thegase whereon ly water" The characteristics of the polymers vary considerably depending on the monomers, molecular weight and, as a result, the specific applications and uses for the polymers are numerous. For example, the polymers can be used as textile-finishing agents, coatings and the like.

In accordance with a feature of the present invention, the new compounds are particularly effective cross linking agents for polymeric materials containing active hydrogen'atoms as determined by the Zerewitinoff method. Representative polymeric materials include cellulosics such as cotton, linen and the like, in the form of textile fibers, yarns or fabrics and starch and polyvinyl alcohol which are useful as sizing agents for textile material.

The sulfonamide compounds of the present invention are particularly effective for the cross linking of cellulosic textile fabrics in order to enhance their properties.

The cross linking reaction may be schematically represented by equation (6) wherein the symbol Cell-OH is used to represent a cellulose molecule such as, for example,

may be found in a cotton textile fabric.

v The symbols 6f R an d li in the foregoing equation have the same meaning as previously given. It is noted that the cross linked cellulosic textile containing sulfur and nitrogen comprises the structure shown as the product of equation (6).

The reaction shown in equation (6) above is preferably carried out in the presence of a catalyst. Suitable catalysts include, for example, acids or acid-forming compounds such as acid-forming salts and the like. As a result of the cross-linking reaction, the cellulosic textiles, particularly woven fabrics have imparted thereto, improved dimensional stability, resilience, crease recovery and flat drying properties. Because of the absence of the amide hydrogen, the cross linked cellulosic product does not exhibit a tendency to chlorine retention.

The tendency to retain chlorine from wash solutions containing hypochlorite is a very undesirable property of many cross linked cellulosic products obtained by methods known in the art. The freedom from this tendency is a particularly advantageous feature of the process employing the novel cross linking agents described hereinabove.

Not only are the cross-linking agents suitable for treatment of cellulosic textile fabrics but they are suitable for the treatcohol for sizing or processes where it is desired to insolubilize 2 the sizing compound in situ. By carrying out the treatment of the textile substrate with the sulfonamide compound in the presence of the sizing material, there is provided a method for securely attaching the sizing material to the textile surface and thereby obtaining a durably sized material. It is believed that the reaction between the sulfonamide and the sizing material and the textile substrate occurs simultaneously and may be in competition with one another and, accordingly, the nature of the final product produced would be dependent in part upon the amounts of reagent, the polymer present, and on the reaction conditions.

The reaction of cellulosic textiles with the compounds of the present invention can be carried out conveniently by gig:

' tacting the textile with a solution containing the reagent and ing, dipping and the like can be used for the treatment. After removing excess solution, the textile can be dried and then heated for a brief period of time for the curing operation in order to complete the reaction. lf desired, other manufacturing steps can be interposed between the drying and curing steps. For example, a dried fabric can be converted to a garment, thereafter pressed and then cured to set the configuration of the garment. in this manner, the desired configurations which may take the form of creases or pleats are permanently set in the garment or fabric by carrying out the cross-linking reaction while the garment is held in predetermined configuration. After the curing step, the textile can be washed to remove the catalyst and other soluble residues.

Concentrations of the sulfonamide reagent used in the process can be varied depending upon the specific reagents and the intended results. Generally about 3 percent to about 30 percent and the intended results. Generally about 30 percent to about 30 percent based on the weight of the cellulose textile treated are satisfactory and concentrations of 5 percent to 20 percent are preferred.

Acids or acid-yielding substances can be used, under the preferred conditions of the present invention, to catalyze the reaction between the polymeric material containing active hydrogen atoms and the sulfonamides. Many suitable catalysts are known in the art. Typical are amine and ammonium salts of mineral acids; mineral acid salts of bivalent metal such as magnesium and zinc; e.g. Mgcl ZnCI nonvolatile organic acid such as citric, tartaric or oxalic acids. The optimum amount of a catalyst depends on the particular compound selected. Generally, amounts ofabout 0.5 percent to 6 percent X based on the weight of cellulose treated are usually satisfactd- EXAMPLE ll Under the. preferred conditions of the reactions described NN'Dlmethym] methanesulfonamlde above, a solvent is employed for the application of the treating Methane sulfonamlde (951 was dlssolved m 3 7 reagent. For this purpose, water or any organic solvent can be 5 perm"t aqueous formaldehyde (172 and wafer used depending on the solubility characteristics of the reagent (100 The PH of the solutlon was adjusted to wlth and catalysts. After the treatment, drying can be carried out Solid potassium and the t mixtme was 1 by any Suitable means at temperamres ranging from ambim heated to 87 during 6 hours. The reaction mixture was then to 150 c. Curing is conveniently carried out at 100 c to 200 P f' tWWW 70 C. for a time ranging from minutes to a few seconds. Curing 10 l'z'dlmethoiyet'hane was added and the water w removed cycles outsidethis range can also be used. Many different l repeated dfymg over anhydmus magneslflm sources of heat'for the curing step can be used such asa force Finally the mixture f and volatile matenal draft oven, infrared, or radiant heat. The reagents may be used removed in vacuum to the Pmduct (132 85 Percent along or in admixture with other cross-linking agents or they Y Total formaldehycle" analysis by method of exam can be used in conjunction with other textile-finishing agents P I showed that the liqud Prodt comamed P used to impart a specific characteristic to the textile such as (Calcd' percem' softeners, water repellents, o tical whiteners, stiffeners, sizin 1 compounds and the like. p 8 EXAMPLE j The following examples further illustrate the scope of the N jN-Bis(m ethoxymethyl)-p-t0luenesulfonamide present invention. In the examples the parts are indicated by This compgund was prepared from p-toluenesulfonamide .weight unless otherwise specified. The test methods referred by the same methud given in example I, The crude product to the examples are identified below: was distilled for purification, b.p. l30-l41 at 0.3 mm., and was obtained in 40 percent yield. The pure product was found Crease Recovery 121 (in e P to have a refractive index of 1.5152 at 24.5 and was charac- Tensile Strength 'Ravel St ii: Method -ASTM-Dl682 termed byjelemental analyslsz -s9'r (lbs.) v

Tear Strength ASTM-Dl424-fi3(lbs.)

Abrasion Resistance Stoll Flex Abrader, lb. head, 2 lbs.

toggle. ASTM-D1175-61T (in Anal c H N 5 cycles) i gzzz f z gi MTCC9H962 Calc. for C,,'H,,NO,S sum 6.|4% 5.409011% Shrinkage AATCC-96-l960T(in%) Laundering Samples iaundered'in automatic hometypc agitatorwashing machine at 60 C. for the full cycle (FAB detergent), 5-10 lbs. load. Samples E l [v tumble dried.

Samples of plain weave cotton fabric (commonly known as 80x80 print cloth) were treated with a 20 .percent dioxane EXAMPLEI 40 solution of the product of example I. The treatment was car- ;lfl,1:1;wiryrnihyi)rnerhages l@ggmid V V ried out on a laboratory padder, setting therolls atsuch'apres- Methane sulfon (285g., 3.0 m in 50 nil-i Isure as to give 80 -90 percent wet pickup. The samples so I tetrahydroturan was treated cautiously with 59 percent sodi-ji treated were'dried at50 C. in a laboratory forced draft oven u hy ri e/min Oil 8" and the resulting -i land then padded with an aqueous solution containing 4 perture heated under reflux until no further evolution of m m n i chloride hexahydrate catalyst. The aqueous hydrogen Occurred from the sodium 0- Methyl catalyst solutionwas saturated with sodium chloride. The sam' h r y g-s was added and thei ;ples were then dried at C. and cured for 5 minutes in a mixture was stirred for several hours to complete the filSI ill-g iforced drafi oven. at the temperatures specified below, The

y I samples were washed, dried and analyzed for sulfur and A small portion of the reaction mixture removed, filteredi 50 initmgen to determine the amount f reacted cdmpbund and evaporated at this ma813 gave y li present on the fabric after treatment. imethanesulfonamide, identified by its infrared absorption; 5 The f ll in result were obtained: bands at 3.03 (N-H), 7.5 and 8.7 (SO,N), and 9 .2 06ml and formaldehyde analysis (found 21.3 percent, calcd. 21.6} N. W a. N...

; percent) by the method'indicated below.

To the bulk of the reaction product, a second portion of 59 Cm *m g fi .1 t m Wt. s percent sodium hydnde/mmeral o l (122 g., 3.0 m.) was cau v sample gain Yield Nmogeu mt Caled- Found trously added and the reaction agam heated under reflux until I hydrogen evolution ceased. A second portion of methyl 0 g:;: g chloromethyl ether (278g., 3.45 m.) was added and the mix-i ture stirred for 6 hours. The insoluble salts were removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuum to give! a the crude NNbidmethowmethfl) methanesulfonamidei The properties of the-treated samples were tested and the 395 g" 7 2 pemem uu following results were obtained:

A 200 g. "portion of the crude product was distilled at reduced pressure to give a 77 percent recovery of pure v M} A product (b.p. 8595 at 0.5 mm.), having a refractive index of v 1.4454 at 27. d Pigment I The purity was established by measuring the total formalream 3233 f fifijg dehyde content by a modification of the method of Bric'ker- Sample 7 Wet Dry warp v chlorine and Johnson (Anal. Chem 17 400 (1945)). B4 236 m 32 4 Analysis: Percent Total CH,0: Found 32.2 percent, Calcd. gX -I 23% 2 43 a? Non:

32.8 percent.

EXAMPLE v 553 Samples of plain weave cotton fabric (commonly known as Q SO=N 80x80 print cloth) were treated with a 15 percent aqueous CHjOR solution of the product of example ll, to which there was added 4 percent magnesium chloride hexahydrate. The treatment was carried out on a laboratory padder, setting the rolls at such a pressure as to give 93 percent wet pickup. The samples so treated were dried at 60 C. and then cured under the conditions specified below in a forced draft oven. After curing, the samples were neutralized in dilute potassium bicarbonate solution, washed in a nonionic detergent solution at 60 C. and dried. The samples were conditioned overnight at 21 C. and 65 percent relative humidity and then weighed on 1 an analytical b alance to determine the weight increases due to the treatment. The following results were obtained:

wherein R and R are hydrogen or lower alkyl and Q is phenyl one to carbon atom alkyl, lower alkyl-substituted phenyl, I 8 5 r C6H5CH2CH2 oroup or an oxyalkylene noun a! the strut- I lure n 2n+l( a Zn).r

wherein n is l to 3 ,a is l to 4,andxis l to 5. g V

3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the amount of sulfonamide is 3 percent to percent by weight and the textile is cured by heating at an elevated temperature.

4. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is selected frornjhe group consislhmg of amine salt gf minegal Percent Curlng S N Calcd Calcd Temp Time, Wt. iro from Sample C I\ gain Yield Found W.G Found W.G

The physical properties of the treatedsamples were as follows:

agiids ajnmonium salts of mineralacids, mineral acid salts gf 0 bivalent metals, and nonvolatile organic acids.

Percent shrinkage Crease recovery Percent damage Orig. 10L. 1L. 10L. Tensile Tear Abrasion due to strength str. resist retained Dry Wet Dry Wet W F W F warp warp anceW chlorine 223 230 217 227 0. 5 2. 0 1. 5 3. 0 40 1. 3 275 None 221 241 222 241 0. 6 3. 0 1. 0 3. 5 33 1. l 185 5 265 285 254 280 0.5 2.5 0.5 2.5 29 1. 0 125 4 265 275 244 282 0. 5 1. 5 0. 5 2. 0 27 0. 8 85 7 150 180 197 5. 0 5. 5 6. 5 5. 3 47 1. 4 200 4 it is understood that various other modifications will be apparent to and can readily be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the scope of the claims appended hereto be limited to the description set forth herein but rather that the claims be construed as encompassing all the features of patentable novelty which reside in the present invention including all features which would be treated as equivalents thereof by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for chemically modifying cellulosic textile materials which comprises impregnating said cellulosic textile material with starch or polyvinyl alcohol and reacting the cellulosic textile material in the presence of an acid catalyst with a sulfonamide compound of the formula:

CHOR

5. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the textile is dried after impregnation and cured at to 200 C. for a period of time ranging from a few seconds to 10 minutes.

6. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is an acid or an acid-forming compound and is employed the amount of 0.5 percent to 6 percent based on the weight of the cellulose treated.

7. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonamide compound is dissolved in water.

8. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonamide compound is dissolved in an organic solvent.

9. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst and the sulfonamide compound are applied to the textile material in a sequential manner.

10. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonamide compound and the catalyst are applied to the textile simultaneously.

11. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is applied to the textile after the sulfonamide compound is applied.

12. A cross-linked cellulosic textile containing sulfur and nitrogen and comprising the structure represented by the formula:

C911-OCHyNCHgO-C91l s 0 a Q wherein Q is phenyl, one to 20 carbon atom alkyl lower alkylsubstituted phenyl, C H,CH C H,,CH CH group or an oxyalkylene group of the structure n 2n+l( r| 2a )3 whereinnis l to 3,ais l to 4, andxis l to5 

2. A method of chemically modifying cellulosic textile materials comprising reacting the cellulosic textile material, in the presence of an acid catalyst, with a sulfonamide compound of the formula: wherein R and R'' are hydrogen or lower alkyl and Q is phenyl one to 20 carbon atom alkyl, lower alkyl-substituted phenyl, C6H5CH2-, C6H5CH2CH2- group or an oxyalkylene group of the structure CnH2n 1(OCaH2a)x wherein n is 1 to 3, a is 1 to 4, and x is 1 to
 5. 3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the amount of sulfonamide is 3 percent to 30 percent by weight and the textile is cured by heating at an elevated temperature.
 4. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of amine salt of mineral acids, ammonium salts of mineral acids, mineral acid salts of bivalent metals, and nonvolatile organic acids.
 5. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the textile is dried after impregnation and cured at 100* to 200* C. for a period of time ranging from a few seconds to 10 minutes.
 6. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the cAtalyst is an acid or an acid-forming compound and is employed in the amount of 0.5 percent to 6 percent based on the weight of the cellulose treated.
 7. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonamide compound is dissolved in water.
 8. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonamide compound is dissolved in an organic solvent.
 9. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst and the sulfonamide compound are applied to the textile material in a sequential manner.
 10. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the sulfonamide compound and the catalyst are applied to the textile simultaneously.
 11. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is applied to the textile after the sulfonamide compound is applied.
 12. A cross-linked cellulosic textile containing sulfur and nitrogen and comprising the structure represented by the formula: wherein Q is phenyl, one to 20 carbon atom alkyl lower alkyl-substituted phenyl, C6H5CH2-, C6H5CH2CH2- group or an oxyalkylene group of the structure CnH2n 1(OCaH2a)x wherein n is 1 to 3, a is 1 to 4, and x is 1 to 5 . 